Your Simple Guide to Ketamine Therapy Treatment Types

Know the Facts: Ketamine Therapy Topics That Matter

From IV infusions to lozenges, this guide walks through the different ways of how ketamine therapy is delivered, so you can ask the right questions and explore your options with confidence.

Exploring ketamine treatment for the first time can feel like a big step. With several formats available, it helps to understand how each one works and what the experience might involve.
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Each format is delivered differently and may feel different in the body, but all are used as part of a care plan guided by a qualified provider.

A patient prepares to use nasal ketamine prescribed by their doctor.

A patient is relaxed during their clinical ketamine therapy with headphones and a sleep-mask over their eyes and a blanket.

"I didn’t know what to expect with ketamine therapy, but having these guides made a huge difference."

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How Ketamine Is Often Prescribed

Ketamine can be administered in several different ways.

Each delivery method affects how the medicine enters the body, how long it takes to start working, and where the treatment is delivered. Some formats are always administered in a clinic setting. Others, like lozenges, may be prescribed for at-home use but still require medical supervision and follow-up.

‍Ketamine Treatment Options In Clinics Often Include:
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These typically include: an intravenous (IV) drip, a nasal spray (Spravato®), an intramuscular (IM) injection, a subcutaneous (SC) injection, and lozenges that dissolve under the tongue. Each method is approved for specific conditions.

Ketamine Treatments At Home Often Include:

These typically include oral troches or lozenges that dissolve under the tongue, as well as a nasal spray approved for specific conditions.

There is no single best option. What works best depends on your needs, your medical history, and the kind of support that helps you feel most at ease. Your ketamine provider will work with you to determine the best course of care for your medical needs.

A doctor holds ketamine troche's to show a patient's options.

Ketamine Therapy Types and What to Expect

What are the different ways to receive ketamine therapy?

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Each method is different, but all can be part of a supportive care plan.

1.

IV KETAMINE INFUSIONS: A Controlled, Clinical Approach
Intravenous (IV) ketamine is delivered through a drip directly into the bloodstream and are often higher doses than other methods. This option is typically administered in a medical setting, where licensed providers can monitor your experience and make real-time decisions around care and dosage.

Many individuals explore IV ketamine with provider support when other treatments for their conditions haven’t helped, or when there’s a need for a structured, closely monitored approach. Session length and frequency may vary depending on the clinic and individual circumstances, but a typical series may involve a "loading dose" with several infusions over a few weeks, followed by periodic maintenance if needed.

This form of therapy may involve dissociative or dream-like sensations during sessions. Some individuals report the effects noticeable within hours or days, though every experience is unique.

2.

INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTIONS: A Simple In-Clinic Option
IM ketamine involves a single injection into a large muscle, such as the thigh or shoulder. It’s generally quicker to administer than an IV infusion and may be offered in clinics where simpler, more accessible setups are preferred.

The effects typically begin within minutes and can last for several hours. While the dosage is fixed prior to the injection (rather than adjustable in real time), IM therapy is still delivered under clinical supervision. For some individuals, depending on provider practices, prefer the shorter visit time and lower cost associated with this format.

Your provider can help determine whether this approach aligns with your treatment goals and safety preferences.

3.

INTRANASAL SPRAVATO: An FDA-Approved Option for Depression
Spravato® (esketamine) is the only ketamine-based medication currently approved by the FDA for certain forms of depression, including treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and depression with suicidal thoughts. It’s offered in specific certified clinics under medical supervision.

Spravato is administered through a nasal spray while being monitored by a healthcare provider. Because it follows a regulated dosing schedule and depending on individual insurance plans, may be eligible for insurance reimbursement, some individuals explore this route when looking for a structured treatment plan.

Spravato is not intended for use outside a medical setting, and your care team will provide guidance on how to prepare for each session and what to expect during the observation period.

4.

ORAL KETAMINE (LOZENGES OR TROCHES): An Option for Maintenance and Ongoing Support
Some providers offer sublingual (under-the-tongue) ketamine lozenges, often called troches, as part of a maintenance plan following in-clinic treatment. In some cases, they may also be prescribed for at-home use with provider approval, guidance and clinical supervision.

This format is generally slower-acting, with effects that begin within 20 to 40 minutes and last a few hours. Dosage may vary between individuals due to differences in absorption.

Lozenges are sometimes considered for individuals managing ongoing symptoms of depression, anxiety, or PTSD who are looking for a lower-cost, lower-intensity option as part of an overall care plan. It’s important that oral ketamine is used responsibly under medical supervision, even if taken at home.

5.

SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTIONS: A Small-Dose In-Clinic Option
‍Subcutaneous (SC) injections are given just under the skin, often in the belly or thigh. This option uses a shorter needle and a lower dose than IV or IM.

It’s typically done in a clinic setting and may be used as part of a slower-paced treatment plan. Your provider will guide when and how this method is used.

6.

AT-HOME NASAL SPRAY: A Convenient Option With Guidance
Some providers prescribe ketamine nasal spray, that is different from Spravato, for at-home use. This option is often part of a personalized treatment plan and may be used to support symptoms like depression or anxiety.

While it’s designed for self-administration, it should always be guided by a provider, with regular check-ins to ensure safe and effective use.

Comparing Ketamine Therapy Types: Which One Is Right for You?

Finding the right ketamine therapy type is a collaborative process between you and your ketamine provider. It’s not about what works for “everyone” - it’s about what feels manageable, appropriate, and supportive for you.

Some people feel more comfortable with higher dose IV infusions, where providers closely monitor the entire experience and can make adjustments as needed. Others prefer IM injections, which may involve shorter appointments and lower costs while still offering a guided clinical environment.

Spravato® may be a fit for those looking for an in-office treatment with FDA approval and a clear protocol, especially if they’re navigating insurance reimbursement for ketamine therapy.

Meanwhile, lozenges and nasal ketamine can be prescribed and taken at home. In this way they offer more flexibility in terms of setting and frequency, and may be used to support longer-term mental health goals when prescribed appropriately.

Your provider can help you explore the pros and limitations of each method - there’s no pressure to decide right away. It’s okay to ask questions, take your time, and reflect on what feels safe and supportive.

A patient sits in a ketamine clinic with headphones and an eyemask.

Building a Plan That Works for You

There is no one-size-fits-all approach to ketamine therapy.

Some people prefer the structure and monitoring of in-clinic treatments. Others may benefit from more flexible formats they can use at home with guidance.

The most important thing is feeling supported throughout your care.
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Many clinics now offer additional tools like guided audio, journaling prompts, or group support to help with reflection and integration.

These resources are not a replacement for therapy but can help you stay connected to your healing between sessions.

Start With Understanding, Then Take the Next Step

You don’t have to have it all figured out today.

‍The right type of ketamine therapy depends on many things: your current health, affordabilty, your goals, your comfort level, and what your provider recommends.

It’s okay if you’re still exploring. You do not need to make any decisions right away. Take your time, ask questions, and think about what feels safe and manageable for you.

Feeling informed and supported is just as important as the treatment itself, and it starts with conversations that meet you where you are.

A patient ans a provider have a conversation about treatment options.

FAQs

Common Questions From Ketamine Patients

What’s the difference between IV, IM, nasal spray, and oral ketamine?

The main difference is how the medicine enters your body. IV is given through a drip, IM is a single injection, nasal spray is inhaled through the nose, and oral ketamine (lozenges) dissolve under your tongue. Each method has a different pace, setting, and level of supervision.

How do I know which type of ketamine therapy is right for me?

There’s no one-size-fits-all answer. Your ketamine doctor will consider your symptoms, medical history, comfort level, and lifestyle when discussing options with you. It's okay to take your time and ask questions before choosing a treatment type.

Is ketamine therapy covered by insurance?

Some clinics accept insurance, but many operate privately. It’s a good idea to ask about pricing, payment plans, and what’s included before starting treatment.

Is one type more effective than the others?

Each type of ketamine therapy works differently, and effectiveness can vary from person to person. What’s most important is choosing a format that feels manageable and safe for you, in partnership with a ketamine provider who understands your needs.

Looking for a Ketamine Therapy Clinic in the U.S.?

Finding the right ketamine provider can feel overwhelming. We’re here to make it simpler. Use our directory to search trusted clinics across the U.S. and explore resources designed to help you feel informed and supported at every step.

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Resources Every Ketamine Patient Should Read

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A patient is relaxed during their ketamine therapy with headphones and a sleep-mask over their eyes.